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Surface runoff (also known as overland flow or terrestrial runoff) is the unconfined flow of water over the ground surface, in contrast to channel runoff (or stream flow). It occurs when excess rainwater, stormwater, meltwater, or other sources, can no longer sufficiently rapidly infiltrate in the soil.
When it rains, some water is absorbed into the sponge ( infiltration) while some runs off the surface of the sponge and into the stream (runoff). Let's do a thought experiment to understand the impacts of urban development on surface runoff.
19 de oct. de 2023 · Runoff occurs when there is more water than land can absorb. The excess liquid flows across the surface of the land and into nearby creeks, streams, or ponds. Runoff can come from both natural processes and human activity.The most familiar type of natural runoff is snowmelt.
6 de jun. de 2018 · A portion of the precipitation seeps into the ground to replenish Earth's groundwater. Most of it flows downhill as runoff. Runoff is extremely important in that not only does it keep rivers and lakes full of water, but it also changes the landscape by the action of erosion.
26 de feb. de 2019 · Surface runoff, or overland flow, is a fundamental process of interest in hydrology. Surface runoff generation can occur at multiple scales, ranging from small pools of excess water that propagate downhill to stream networks that drain large catchments.
1 de ene. de 2024 · Surface runoff and subsurface runoff are two important components that play essential roles in soil erosion, nutrient transport, carbon transport, and many other processes (Fei et al., 2019; Jing et al., 2022).
Surface Runoff. If the amount of water falling on the ground is greater than the infiltration rate of the surface, runoff or overland flow will occur. Runoff specifically refers to the water leaving an area of drainage and flowing across the land surface to points of lower elevation.
