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The Paladins, also called the Twelve Peers, are twelve legendary knights, the foremost members of Charlemagne's court in the 8th century. They first appear in the medieval (12th century) chanson de geste cycle of the Matter of France, where they play a similar role to the Knights of the Round Table in Arthurian romance.
The Twelve Peers commanded Charlemagne’s first division in the army. They were the crack troop and advance-guard, meant to spearhead in any attack of a battle. This division is numbered twenty-thousand strongs.
The paladins (derived from the Latin palatine meaning ‘servant, government official’), sometimes also known as the Twelve Peers, were the foremost warriors of Charlemagne’s court.
There are traditionally 12 Paladins and their names vary, except for Roland. According to Bulfinch's Mythology , they were: Roland (aka Orlando), Rinaldo (or Renaud) of Montauban, Duke Namo of Bavaria, King Salomon of Brittany, Archbishop Turpin, Astalpho of England, Ogier the Dane, Malagigi the Enchanter and Florismart.
In Le Pèlerinage de Charlemagne, where Charlemagne and his Twelve Peers are hosted by the (fictional) Byzantine Emperor Hugo, Oliver is given the risqué role of vainly boasting that he can sleep with Hugo's daughter a hundred times during a single night, and being ashamed when finding that his boast was overheard by the Emperor's spy.
In the medieval French chansons de geste and material associated with the Matter of France that tell of the exploits of Charlemagne and his knights—such as The Song of Roland—the elite of the imperial army and Charlemagne's closest advisors were called "The Twelve Peers".
T HE TWELVE most illustrious knights of Charlemagne were called Peers, for the equality that reigned among them; while the name of Paladins, also conferred on them, implies that they were inmates of the palace and companions of the king.
